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3 Cypress Programmable System on a Chip
3.1 PSoC Overview
The Programmable System on a Chip (PSoC) microcontroller is a very flexible addition
to the microcontroller world. Its processor is of Harvard architecture and can run
up to 24 MHz. The MCUs can have up to 16 KB of flash memory and 512 bytes of
SRAM. Possible number of I/O ports can be up to 44 depending on which processor
type is purchased. The microcontrollers include internal Analogue to Digital Converters
(ADC), Digital to Analogue Converters (DAC), filters, timers, counters, digital
communication ports, and other functional capability at the disposal of the user. When
configuring the program for the PSoC, the user is asked to identify which processor
type is being used so that the PSoC design software may tailor the programming
environment specifically for that PSoC. [6, 25-42.]
3.2 PSoC Functionality
The PSoC has what are referred to as digital and analogue blocks. These blocks can be
programmed to represent any digital or analogue electrical component that is given as
an option in the design software. Every PSoC MCU has a different virtual layout within
the PSoC Designer software, and the number of digital and analogue blocks may differ
with different PSoC MCU types.
Of the digital block type there are digital building blocks and digital communication
blocks. Each is tailored slightly different for multiple needs. For example if a Serial
Peripheral Interface (SPI) or Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART)
connection is needed when the user selects the module to be placed, only the digital
communication blocks will be used. Within the analogue blocks there are continuous
time blocks and switch capacitor blocks. These too are designed differently to
serve different purposes. The continuous time blocks are built of operational amplifier
configurations, while the switch capacitor blocks are composed of capacitors that are
switched to achieve the desired result.
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